Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma: recent advances and future perspectives

Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral cancer in cats and is characterized by aggressive local invasion, high metastatic potential, and generally poor clinical outcomes. Despite ongoing research, FOSCC remains a significant challenge for both veterinarians and cat owners. Its development is multifactorial, with genetic mutations—particularly in the TP53 gene—viral infections such as papillomavirus, environmental exposures to toxins, and chronic oral inflammation all implicated.